Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) and Lawsonia inermis L (Lythraceae) extracts

Fatma M Abdel Bar^1,2 , Mohamed M Abu Habib^2,3, Fardous F El-Senduny⁴, Farid A Badria²

¹Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; ²Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516; ³Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University in Egypt (HUE), New Damietta 34517, Egypt; ⁴Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.

For correspondence:- Fatma Bar Email: f.abdelbar@psau.edu.sa Tel:+966545403617

Accepted: 30 August 2021 Published: 30 September 2021

Citation: Bar FM, Habib MM, El-Senduny FF, Badria FA. Cytotoxic activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) and Lawsonia inermis L (Lythraceae) extracts. Trop J Pharm Res 2021; 20(9):1791-1799 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i9.3

© 2021 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Psidium guajava L. and Lawsonia inermis L. leaf extracts, and investigate their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.

Methods: The aqueous extracts were prepared by maceration in distilled H₂O followed by partitioning with EtOAc. AgNPs were prepared by treating the extracts with 1 mM AgNO₃ and then were characterized by UV-vis and FTIR analyses, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). MTT cytotoxicity and 2,2`-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) antioxidant assays were used to assess their cytotoxic and antioxidant properties, respectively.

Results: AgNPs from P. guajava and L. inermis extracts exhibited good morphological stability and showed moderate antioxidant activity (68.1 and 71.9%, respectively) compared to their extracts. Equipotent cytotoxicity against HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells was observed for AgNPs derived from P. guajava, while AgNPs derived from L. inermis possessed two-fold cytotoxicity compared to their corresponding extracts. Phytochemical analysis of P. guajava afforded pyrogallol, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-β-xylopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-β-arabinopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-α-arabinofuranoside, while L. inermis afforded lawsone and luteolin.

Conclusion: Flavonoids and phenolics play a major role in reducing Ag+ ions, surface coating, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of AgNPs. The biocompatible AgNPs produced by L. inermis demonstrate promising cytotoxic activity that could contribute to new cancer treatments.

Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, AgNPs, Cytotoxic activity, Psidium guajava, Lawsonia inermis, Phytochemical analysis, Green synthesis